Swaddling - tips on how to do this safely

Swaddling is a traditional method of wrapping babies snugly in a blanket or cloth to mimic the feeling of being in the womb.  It is common practice in Central Asia and South America where the majority of infants are swaddled, whilst in the UK one in five babies are swaddled during their first few weeks of life (NCT, 2021).

Whilst swaddling has its benefits, such as soothing babies and aiding sleep, experts also raise concerns regarding its potential risks, with research suggesting that prolonged swaddling may lead to hip dysplasia or the hinderance of a baby's ability to move and develop naturally (Nelson, 2017).  

As a parent, it is your choice whether you swaddle your baby or not.  If you do choose to swaddle, the following is worth being mindful of:

• Always follow Safe Sleep guidance and ensure your baby is placed on their back to sleep.

• If you are breastfeeding your baby, remove their swaddle before feeding them as they need their hands for balance and movement. If you are feeding on demand it is worth be aware that swaddled babies are less able to communicate their hunger needs, for example bringing their hand to their mouth, which can result in missed feeds, delayed feeds and as a result slower weight gain.

• Use thin materials for swaddling and don't place additional materials, like blankets, on top of your baby.  Check their temperature frequently, to make sure they aren't overheating.  If they feel hot remove the swaddle or a layer of clothing.

• Wrap the swaddle loosely around their hips.  Your baby should be able to move their legs up and out at the hip, and their legs should be able to fall into a natural position (think frog legs) rather than be straight down.  

• As their natural movement is restricted whilst they are swaddled, provide them with lots of unrestricted floor time to help the recalibration of their proprioceptive system following birth. 

• If you're using a swaddle product or blanket, always check the manufacturer's guidance on age and/or weight ratings.  

• Watch for signs of rolling.  As soon as they show any sign of rolling they should no longer be swaddled, as they need to be able to use their arms and hands to adjust their head position if they roll over.  

Alternatives to Swaddling

If and when decide it's time to move away from swaddling, there are alternative methods to help your baby feel secure and comfortable during sleep. Using sleep sacks, wearable blankets, or creating a cosy sleep environment can provide a sense of security without the need for tightly swaddling your little one.

Whilst swaddling can be beneficial in the early stages, transitioning away from this practice at the right time is vital for your baby's safety and wellbeing. Trust your instincts, stay informed, and always prioritise the health and comfort of your baby and you will find the right route for you.